Dear Seyed, to derive the 13C fractionation factor between FeCO3 and dissolved carbonate species you will have to combine the theoretical FeCO3-CO3 factors of Golyshev et al. (1981) with the experimental works for the equilibrium fractionation factors between gaseous CO2 and the individual dissolved carbonate species (probably you may have to consider if you are dealing with a diluted aqueous solution or seawater-like solutions; see the work of Zhang et al. (1995; GCA)). You may also wish to look on the experimental study of Carothers and co-workers published in GCA. Good luck Michael ********************************************************** Dr. Michael E. Boettcher Biogeochemistry Department Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology Celsiusstr.1 D-28359 Bremen FRG ************************************************************